Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa polyethylene komwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito m'dziko langa ndi kwakukulu, ndipo mitundu ya pulasitiki yomwe ili m'gulu la pulasitiki ndi yovuta ndipo imagulitsidwa mwachindunji kwa opanga zinthu zapulasitiki. Ndi gawo la mankhwala ochepa omwe amapezeka mu unyolo wa ethylene womwe uli m'mafakitale. Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba, kusiyana kwa zinthu zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito komanso zomwe anthu akufuna sikuli kofanana.
Ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zopangira zinthu m'makampani opanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi polyethylene m'dziko langa m'zaka zaposachedwa, gawo lopereka zinthu lawonjezeka kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kusintha kosalekeza kwa kupanga ndi moyo wa okhala m'dziko langa, kufunikira kwawo kwawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono m'zaka zaposachedwa. Komabe, kuyambira theka lachiwiri la 2021, mkhalidwe wapadziko lonse lapansi wakhala wovuta komanso wosinthika. Kufalikira kwa mliriwu ndi nkhondo zakomweko kwapangitsa kuti kusalingana kwa dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kugwe. Kusatsimikizika kowonjezereka kwachuma kwapangitsa kuti malingaliro a anthu ogula zinthu azigwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala. Pansi pa momwe zinthu zilili pano, zoopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zikukumana nazo pakupanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi polyethylene nazonso ndizovuta kwambiri.
Kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi chitukuko cha zachuma ndizomwe zimaika patsogolo kufalikira kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa PE. Kuchokera kumadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, East China, South China, ndi North China ndi malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwiritsira ntchito polyethylene m'dziko langa, ndipo adzakhalabe atatu apamwamba pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuyambitsidwa kosalekeza kwa zida zatsopano zopangira mtsogolo, zikuyembekezeka kuti kusiyana kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera atatu akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito kudzachepetsedwa pang'ono. Zikuyembekezeka kuti izi zidzakhudza kwambiri momwe zinthu zidzakhalire mtsogolo komanso momwe zinthu zidzakhalire m'madera akuluakulu. Ndikofunikiranso kunena kuti ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa zomwe anthu akufuna kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'madera akumadzulo kuli kochepa kuposa kwa East China, South China, ndi North China, chifukwa cha mfundo zapakhomo monga "One Belt, One Road" ndi "Western Development", kugwiritsa ntchito polyethylene m'madera akumadzulo kudzawonjezeka mtsogolo. Pali chiyembekezo chowonjezeka, makamaka pazinthu zomwe anthu akufuna kuzigwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mapaipi, ndipo kufunikira kwa zinthu zopangira jekeseni ndi zinthu zopangira mozungulira zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa moyo wa anthu kukuwonekera kwambiri.
Ndiye, ponena za mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo, kodi mitundu yayikulu ya polyethylene yomwe ikufunika kwambiri idzakhala ndi ziyembekezo zotani pakukula?
Pakadali pano, ntchito zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi polyethylene m'dziko langa zikuphatikizapo filimu, jekeseni, chitoliro, dzenje, waya wokokera, chingwe, metallocene, zokutira ndi mitundu ina yayikulu.
Choyamba kunyamula katundu wolemera kwambiri, gawo lalikulu la ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa mtsinje ndi mafilimu. Kwa makampani opanga mafilimu, makampani opanga mafilimu ndi mafilimu opaka zinthu. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, zinthu monga zoletsa matumba apulasitiki ndi kufooka mobwerezabwereza kwa kufunikira chifukwa cha mliriwu zawavutitsa mobwerezabwereza, ndipo akukumana ndi vuto lochititsa manyazi. Kufunika kwa zinthu zapulasitiki zachikhalidwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina kudzasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kutchuka kwa mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka. Opanga mafilimu ambiri akukumananso ndi zatsopano zaukadaulo wamafakitale, ndipo pang'onopang'ono akupita patsogolo kuti apange mafilimu obwezeretsanso mafakitale okhala ndi khalidwe lamphamvu komanso magwiridwe antchito. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mafilimu apulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka, pali zofunikira kwambiri pakuyika zinthu zakunja, kapena kufunikira kwa mafilimu opaka zinthu akunja omwe amafunika kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kupitirira nthawi yowonongeka, ndipo mafilimu amakampani ndi madera ena akadali osasinthika, kotero zinthu zamafilimu zidzagwiritsidwabe ntchito. Zakhalapo ngati chinthu chachikulu pansi pa polyethylene kwa nthawi yayitali, koma pakhoza kukhala kuchepa kwa kukula kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuchepa kwa chiwerengerocho.
Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitale monga kupanga jakisoni, mapaipi, ndi mabowo omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga ndi moyo adzakhalabe zinthu zazikulu zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito pansi pa polyethylene m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ndipo adzayang'aniridwa ndi zomangamanga, zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zida zapakhomo ndi zida. Moyo wa anthu umalumikizidwa ndi katundu wolimba, ndipo kufunikira kwa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kwachepa. Pakadali pano, vuto lalikulu lomwe mafakitale omwe ali pamwambapa akukumana nalo ndilakuti kukula kwa gawo la malo ogulitsa nyumba kwayima m'zaka zaposachedwa. Chifukwa cha zinthu monga ndemanga zoyipa pa momwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito zinthu zomwe zabwera chifukwa cha miliri yobwerezabwereza, chitukuko cha makampani opanga zinthu chikukumana ndi kukana kukula. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa gawo lakanthawi kochepa kuli kochepa, ndipo sikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimawonongeka. Makampani opanga mapaipi ali ndi mwayi wokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mfundo, pomwe kupanga jakisoni ndi zinthu zopanda kanthu zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi momwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito zinthu, ndipo kukula kudzachepa mtsogolo.
Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kusintha kwa zinthu zapulasitiki payekhapayekha komanso kukhala zaumunthu, komanso luso la zinthu komanso zofunikira pakupanga zinthu zomwe zasinthidwa zikukula nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, mtsogolo, makampani opanga zinthu zapulasitiki adzawonjezera kufunikira kwa zinthu zina zopangira zomwe zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zapulasitiki, monga metallocenes, mapulasitiki ozungulira, zinthu zokutira ndi zinthu zina zamtengo wapatali kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi zofunikira zapadera m'magawo apadera. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kupanga kwakukulu kwa makampani opanga polyethylene m'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe kwambiri, komanso mkangano pakati pa Russia ndi Ukraine m'chakachi udapangitsa kuti mitengo yamafuta ikhale yokwera kwambiri kuti phindu la ethylene likwere, ndipo kukwera kwa mtengo ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu kudapangitsa kuti zinthu zigwirizane kwambiri. Pansi pa zomwe zikuchitika pano, opanga polyethylene akuyamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga metallocenes, rotational molding, ndi zokutira, mogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale otsika. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumatha kukwera mpaka pamlingo winawake mtsogolo.
Kuphatikiza apo, pamene mliriwu ukupitirira mobwerezabwereza, komanso kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mitundu yatsopano ndi opanga, ulusi wa polyethylene, zipangizo zapadera zamankhwala ndi zoteteza zimatsatiridwa pang'onopang'ono ndikupangidwa, ndipo kufunikira kwamtsogolo kudzawonjezekanso pang'onopang'ono.
Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-06-2022