Pulasitiki amatanthauza mkulu maselo kulemera kupanga utomoni monga chigawo chachikulu, kuwonjezera zoyenera zina, kukonzedwa zipangizo pulasitiki. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mthunzi wa pulasitiki ukhoza kuwonedwa paliponse, ngati makapu apulasitiki, mabokosi apulasitiki otsekemera, zotsukira pulasitiki, mipando ya pulasitiki ndi zikopa, komanso zazikulu monga magalimoto, ma TV, mafiriji, makina ochapira komanso ngakhale ndege ndi zombo zapamlengalenga, pulasitiki ndi yosalekanitsidwa.
Malinga ndi European Plastics Production Association, kupanga pulasitiki padziko lonse lapansi mu 2020, 2021 ndi 2022 kudzafika matani 367 miliyoni, matani 391 miliyoni ndi matani 400 miliyoni motsatana. Kukula kwapawiri kuyambira 2010 mpaka 2022 ndi 4.01%, ndipo kakulidwe kakukulirakulira ndi kosalala.
Makampani apulasitiki aku China adayamba mochedwa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa People's Republic of China kudayamba kukula, koma panthawiyo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zopangira pulasitiki inali yochepa, malo a fakitale anali ophatikizana ndipo kukula kwake kunali kochepa. Kuyambira 2011, chuma cha China chasintha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pagawo lachitukuko chofulumira kupita ku chitukuko chapamwamba, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo makampani apulasitiki ayambanso kukonzanso mapangidwe ake a mafakitale ndipo pang'onopang'ono amapita kumalo apamwamba. Pofika chaka cha 2015, kuchuluka kwamakampani opanga pulasitiki ku China kudafika matani 75.61 miliyoni. Mu 2020, kupanga pulasitiki ku China kudatsika, koma phindu lonse komanso zochulukirapo zamalonda zamakampani zikuwonetsa kukula bwino.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa European Plastics Production Association, mu 2022, kupanga pulasitiki ku China kudatenga pafupifupi 32% yazinthu zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zidakula kukhala woyamba kupanga pulasitiki padziko lapansi.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mapulasitiki padziko lonse lapansi akukula pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale kuzindikira kochulukira kwa anthu pankhani yachitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi malamulo oletsa omwe amaperekedwa ndi madipatimenti osiyanasiyana aboma akhudzanso makampani apulasitiki achikhalidwe mpaka pamlingo wina, zakakamizanso mabizinesi m'makampaniwa kuti apititse patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale apulasitiki osagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, omwe amathandizira kukhathamiritsa kwazinthu zamafakitale pakapita nthawi. M'tsogolomu, kuyanjana kwachilengedwe kwa njira zopangira ndi zinthu, kupititsa patsogolo kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu komanso kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zikuyembekezeka kukhala zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwamakampani apulasitiki. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mapulasitiki padziko lonse lapansi akukula pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale kuzindikira kochulukira kwa anthu pankhani yachitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi malamulo oletsa omwe amaperekedwa ndi madipatimenti osiyanasiyana aboma akhudzanso makampani apulasitiki achikhalidwe mpaka pamlingo wina, zakakamizanso mabizinesi m'makampaniwa kuti apititse patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale apulasitiki osagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, omwe amathandizira kukhathamiritsa kwazinthu zamafakitale pakapita nthawi. M'tsogolomu, kuyanjana kwachilengedwe kwa njira zopangira ndi zinthu, kupititsa patsogolo kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu komanso kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zikuyembekezeka kukhala zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwamakampani apulasitiki.
Makampani opanga mapulasitiki a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamakampani apulasitiki, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi People's Daily Life ndipo ndi gawo lopanga zinthu zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zapulasitiki kumakhudzana ndi chitukuko cha zachuma m'derali, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mayiko otukuka monga United States ndi Europe ndikwambiri. Chifukwa cha chikoka cha zizolowezi zamoyo ndi malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito, chakudya ndi chakumwa ku United States ndi chakudya chofulumira kwambiri, ndipo tableware imakhalanso yotayidwa, kotero kuti kumwa kwapachaka kwa zinthu zapulasitiki za tsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala kwakukulu. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi kukula kwachuma kwa mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene monga China ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, moyo wa anthu wakwera kwambiri, komanso kusintha kwa kuzindikira kwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa, kukula kwa zinthu zapulasitiki tsiku lililonse kudzakulitsidwa.
Kuchokera ku 2010 mpaka 2022, kutulutsa kwa mankhwala apulasitiki tsiku ndi tsiku ku China kunakhalabe kosasunthika, ndi kutulutsa kwakukulu mu 2010 ndi 2022, ndi kutsika kochepa mu 2023. Kuyambitsidwa kwa ziletso za pulasitiki kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi kwakhudza kupanga zinthu zapulasitiki tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka kufika pamlingo wina, zomwe zimapangitsa opanga kutembenukira kuzinthu zapulasitiki zowonongeka. Ndondomeko ya malire a pulasitiki yakhala ikuwongolera mkati mwa makampani, kuthetsa mphamvu zobwerera m'mbuyo, ndikupititsa patsogolo ndende yamakampani, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala apulasitiki opangidwa ndi biodegradable ndi opanga akuluakulu, komanso oyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dziko lonse.
Ndi kusintha kwa moyo wa anthu, zofunikira zapamwamba zidzakhazikitsidwa pazinthu zapulasitiki za tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo ntchito, chitetezo ndi kuteteza chilengedwe. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mayendedwe a moyo wa anthu aku China akuchulukirachulukira ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu, chakudya chofulumira, tiyi ndi mafakitale ena zakula mwachangu, komanso kufunikira kwa zida zapulasitiki ndi zinthu zina zamapulasitiki tsiku lililonse zikukweranso. Kuonjezera apo, malo odyera akuluakulu, masitolo a tiyi, ndi zina zotero ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba pa tableware, ndipo opanga akuluakulu okha ndi omwe angathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zawo. M'tsogolomu, zinthu zomwe zili m'makampaniwa zidzaphatikizidwanso, ndipo ntchito zamakampani zidzawonjezedwanso. Kumbali ina, ndi mfundo ya dziko la "Belt One, One Road" yotsegulira misika yomwe ikubwera monga Southeast Asia, kupanga zinthu zamapulasitiki ku China tsiku lililonse kudzabweretsa kukula kwatsopano, komanso kuchuluka kwa zogulitsa kunja kudzakweranso.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-06-2024