Soda ya Caustic ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: soda ya flake, soda ya granular ndi soda yolimba malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake. Kugwiritsa ntchito soda ya caustic kumakhudza magawo ambiri, izi ndi chiyambi chatsatanetsatane kwa inu:
1. Mafuta oyeretsedwa.
Mafuta akatsukidwa ndi sulfuric acid, amakhalabe ndi zinthu zina za acidic, zomwe ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi sodium hydroxide solution kenako n’kutsukidwa ndi madzi kuti zinthuzo zipezeke bwino.
2. kusindikiza ndi kupaka utoto
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu utoto wa indigo ndi utoto wa quinone. Pakuyika utoto wa vat, caustic soda solution ndi sodium hydrosulfite ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zichepetse kukhala leuco acid, kenako zimasungunuka kukhala mtundu woyambirira wosasungunuka ndi ma oxidants pambuyo popaka utoto.
Nsalu ya thonje ikatha kutsukidwa ndi soda, sera, mafuta, sitachi ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili pa nsalu ya thonje zimatha kuchotsedwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kuwala kwa mercerized kwa nsalu kumatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti utoto ukhale wofanana.
3. Ulusi wa nsalu
1). Nsalu
Nsalu za thonje ndi nsalu za nsalu zimathiridwa ndi sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kuti ziwongolere ulusi. Ulusi wopangidwa ndi anthu monga rayon, rayon, rayon, ndi zina zotero, nthawi zambiri ulusi wa viscose ndi wa viscose. Amapangidwa ndi cellulose (monga pulp), sodium hydroxide, ndi carbon disulfide (CS2) ngati zinthu zopangira viscose wamadzimadzi, womwe umapopedwa, wopangidwa ndi condensation.
2). Ulusi wa viscose
Choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la 18-20% la caustic soda kuti mulowetse cellulose kuti ikhale alkali cellulose, kenako muumitse ndikuphwanya alkali cellulose, onjezerani carbon disulfide, kenako sungunulani sulfonate ndi dilute lye kuti mupeze viscose. Mukamaliza kusefa ndi kutsuka (kuchotsa thovu la mpweya), ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozungulira.
4. Kupanga mapepala
Zipangizo zopangira mapepala ndi mitengo kapena zomera za udzu, zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zopanda cellulose (lignin, chingamu, ndi zina zotero) kuwonjezera pa cellulose. Sodium hydroxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa, ndipo ulusi umapezeka pokhapokha ngati lignin yomwe ili m'matabwa yachotsedwa. Zinthu zopanda cellulose zimatha kusungunuka ndikulekanitsidwa powonjezera sodium hydroxide solution, kuti zamkati zokhala ndi cellulose ngati gawo lalikulu zipezeke.
5. Konzani nthaka ndi laimu.
Mu nthaka, kusinthasintha kwa mchere kungapangitsenso kuti pakhale ma asidi chifukwa cha kupangika kwa ma organic acid pamene zinthu zachilengedwe zimawola. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zopanda organic monga ammonium sulfate ndi ammonium chloride kungapangitsenso kuti nthaka ikhale ndi asidi. Kugwiritsa ntchito laimu wokwanira kungathandize kuti zinthu za acidic m'nthaka zisamakule bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yoyenera kukula kwa mbewu komanso kumalimbikitsa kuberekana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuchuluka kwa Ca2+ m'nthaka kungathandize kuti ma colloids a nthaka azigwirana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale ma aggregates, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kungapereke calcium yofunikira kuti zomera zikule.
6. Makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zinthu zoyeretsera mankhwala.
Mu makampani opanga mankhwala, soda yokazinga imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sodium metal ndi electrolyzing water. Caustic soda kapena soda ash imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mchere wambiri wosapangidwa, makamaka pokonza sodium salts (monga borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, ndi zina zotero). Caustic soda kapena soda ash imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga utoto, mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe.
7. rabara, chikopa
1). Silika yonyowa
Choyamba: pangani galasi la madzi (Na2O.mSO2) pochita ndi sodium hydroxide ndi quartz ore (SiO2)
Chachiwiri: galasi la madzi lochitapo kanthu ndi sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ndi carbon dioxide kuti apange mpweya woyera wakuda (silicon dioxide)
Silika yomwe yatchulidwa pano ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbikitsira rabala yachilengedwe ndi rabala yopangidwa.
2). Kubwezeretsanso rabala yakale
Pobwezeretsanso rabala yakale, ufa wa rabala umakonzedwa kale ndi yankho la sodium hydroxide, kenako nkukonzedwa.
3). Chikopa
Kupaka utoto: njira yobwezeretsanso madzi a phulusa la zinyalala za khungu, kumbali imodzi, pakati pa magawo awiri a chithandizo cha sodium sulfide aqueous solution treatment ndi kuwonjezera laimu powder treatment treatment mu njira yomwe ilipo yokulitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito tare weight kumawonjezeka ndi 0.3-0.5% Gawo la chithandizo cha sodium hydroxide solution la 30% limapangitsa kuti chikopa cha chikopa chikule bwino, chikwaniritse zofunikira pa ndondomekoyi, komanso chimapangitsa kuti zinthu zomwe zatha pang'ono ziwoneke bwino.
8. ukadaulo wa zitsulo, electroplating
Mu makampani opanga zitsulo, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kusintha zosakaniza zomwe zili mu miyalayi kukhala mchere wosungunuka wa sodium kuti muchotse zinyalala zosasungunuka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuwonjezera soda phulusa (ndi flux), ndipo nthawi zina caustic soda imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
9. mbali zina za udindo
1). Pali ntchito ziwiri za ceramic caustic soda popanga zinthu zadothi. Choyamba, caustic soda imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungunula mu njira yopangira zinthu zadothi. Chachiwiri, pamwamba pa zinthu zadothi zoyaka moto padzakhala pokanda kapena padzakhala pouma kwambiri. Tsukani ndi caustic soda. Pomaliza, pangani pamwamba pa zinthu zadothi kukhala posalala.
2). Mu makampani opanga zida, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choletsa asidi, chochotsa utoto ndi chochotsa fungo loipa. Makampani opanga zomatira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsitsa gelatinizer ndi choletsa fungo loipa. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chochotsa khungu, chochotsa utoto ndi chochotsa fungo loipa la zipatso za citrus, pichesi, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-16-2023