Soda wa caustic amatha kugawidwa mu flake soda, granular soda ndi soda molingana ndi mawonekedwe ake.Kugwiritsa ntchito soda ya caustic kumakhudza magawo ambiri, zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kwa inu:
1. Mafuta oyeretsedwa.
Mukatsukidwa ndi sulfuric acid, mafuta a petroleum amakhalabe ndi zinthu zina za acidic, zomwe ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi sodium hydroxide solution ndikutsukidwa ndi madzi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyengeka.
2.kusindikiza ndi kudaya
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu utoto wa indigo ndi utoto wa quinone.Pakupaka utoto wa utoto wa vat, yankho la caustic soda ndi sodium hydrosulfite ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zichepetse kukhala leuco acid, kenako ndi okosijeni kupita ku chikhalidwe choyambirira chosasungunuka ndi okosijeni pambuyo popaka utoto.
Pambuyo pa nsalu ya thonje yothandizidwa ndi yankho la caustic soda, sera, mafuta, wowuma ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakutidwa pansalu ya thonje zimatha kuchotsedwa, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwala kwa mercerized kwa nsaluyo kungathe kuwonjezeka kuti utoto ukhale wofanana kwambiri. .
3. Chingwe cha nsalu
1).Zovala
Nsalu za thonje ndi bafuta zimathandizidwa ndi yankho la sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kuti lipititse patsogolo mphamvu za ulusi.Ulusi wopangidwa ndi anthu monga rayon, rayon, rayon, ndi zina zambiri, umakhala ulusi wa viscose.Amapangidwa ndi cellulose (monga zamkati), sodium hydroxide, ndi carbon disulfide (CS2) monga zida zopangira madzi a viscose, omwe amapopera, opangidwa ndi condensation.
2).Viscose fiber
Choyamba, ntchito 18-20% caustic koloko njira impregnate mapadi kuti zikhale zamchere mapadi, ndiye youma ndi kuphwanya zamchere mapadi, kuwonjezera mpweya disulfide, ndipo potsiriza kupasuka sulfonate ndi kuchepetsa lye kupeza viscose.Pambuyo kusefa ndi vacuuming (kuchotsa thovu la mpweya), itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popota.
4. Kupanga mapepala
Zida zopangira mapepala ndi mitengo yamatabwa kapena udzu, yomwe imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zopanda cellulose (lignin, chingamu, ndi zina) kuwonjezera pa cellulose.Sodium hydroxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga delignification, ndipo kokha pamene lignin mu nkhuni imachotsedwa m'mene ulusi ungapezeke.Zigawo zopanda cellulose zimatha kusungunuka ndikulekanitsidwa ndikuwonjezera njira yothetsera sodium hydroxide, kuti zamkati ndi cellulose zikhale chigawo chachikulu.
5. Konzani nthaka ndi laimu.
Mu dothi, nyengo ya mchere imathanso kupanga ma asidi chifukwa cha kupanga ma organic acid pamene zinthu za organic zimawola.Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe monga ammonium sulfate ndi ammonium chloride kumapangitsanso nthaka kukhala acidic.Kuthira laimu wokwanira kungathe kufooketsa zinthu za acidic m'nthaka, kupangitsa nthaka kukhala yoyenera kumera ndi kulimbikitsa kuberekana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Kuwonjezeka kwa Ca2+ m'nthaka kungapangitse kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga magulu, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo zimatha kupereka calcium yofunikira pakukula kwa zomera.
6. Makampani opanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, caustic soda imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo za sodium ndi madzi a electrolyzing.Koloko kapena phulusa la koloko amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mchere wambiri, makamaka popanga mchere wina wa sodium (monga borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, etc.).Soda wakuda kapena phulusa la koloko amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga utoto, mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zinthu zapakati.
7. mphira, chikopa
1).Kuchuluka kwa silika
Choyamba: pangani galasi lamadzi (Na2O.mSO2) pochita sodium hydroxide ndi quartz ore (SiO2)
Chachiwiri: gwiritsani galasi lamadzi ndi sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ndi carbon dioxide kuti apange mpweya woyera wakuda (silicon dioxide)
Silika yomwe yatchulidwa apa ndi yabwino kulimbikitsa mphira wachilengedwe komanso mphira wopangira
2).Kubwezeretsanso mphira wakale
Pobwezeretsanso mphira wakale, ufa wa mphira umayikidwa kale ndi sodium hydroxide solution, kenako kukonzedwa.
3).Chikopa
Tannery: njira yobwezeretsanso zinyalala zamadzimadzi, pa dzanja limodzi, pakati pa masitepe awiri a sodium sulfide amadzimadzi njira akuwukha mankhwala ndi kuwonjezera laimu ufa akuwukha mankhwala mu ndondomeko alipo kukula, ntchito tare kulemera chinawonjezeka ndi 0.3-0.5 % Njira yothetsera 30% sodium hydroxide solution imapangitsa kuti ulusi wachikopa ukule bwino, umakwaniritsa zofunikira, komanso umapangitsa kuti zinthu zomwe zatha.
8. zitsulo, electroplating
M'makampani opanga zitsulo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kutembenuza zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito mu ore kukhala mchere wosungunuka wa sodium kuti muchotse zonyansa zosasungunuka.Choncho, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuwonjezera phulusa la soda (limakhalanso flux), ndipo nthawi zina soda ya caustic imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
9.mbali zina za udindo
1).Pali ntchito ziwiri za ceramic caustic soda popanga zoumba.Choyamba, caustic soda imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yochepetsera kuwombera kwa ceramic.Chachiwiri, pamwamba pa zitsulo zadothi zowotchedwa zidzakhala zokanda kapena zowawa kwambiri.Tsukani ndi madzi a caustic soda Pomaliza, pangani pamwamba pa ceramic kukhala yosalala.
2).M'makampani opanga zida, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati asidi neutralizer, decolorizer ndi deodorizer.Makampani opanga zomatira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gelatinizer wowuma ndi neutralizer.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati peeling wothandizira, decolorizing wothandizila ndi deodorizing wothandizira wa citrus, pichesi, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-16-2023